Pharmacology Editing and Proofreading Services

Ten milligrams per kilogram. Given orally to a mouse, that is a dose. Given intravenously, it is a different experiment. And in neither case does it tell anybody what concentration the tissue actually saw, for how long, or how that compares with what happens in a person taking the drug — which is the only question the reader has.

We edit what pharmacologists write — in vitro and in vivo pharmacology papers, pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic studies, dose–response and potency analyses, toxicity and safety pharmacology reporting, drug metabolism and interaction work, translational and clinical pharmacology papers, regulatory documentation, and theses, articles and grant applications. Our editors work on dose, route and exposure.

Pharmacology is the study of what a drug concentration does over time, and the failure is a paper that reports the dose administered and stops. A dose is an input; exposure is what produced the effect. We work through these so the dose is reported with the route, the formulation, the vehicle and the dosing schedule, since the same milligram figure by different routes produces exposures that differ by an order of magnitude; so exposure is characterised where the argument depends on it — plasma concentration, area under the curve, free rather than total drug, and the concentration at the site of action if it can be estimated — because protein binding alone can separate total and free concentration by a hundredfold; so in vitro concentrations are related to achievable in vivo exposure, given that an effect at a concentration no living system will reach is a chemistry result; so the dose–response relationship is characterised across a range rather than at one point, as a single dose cannot distinguish a potent effect from a saturating one; so species differences in metabolism are stated where a translation is implied; so the vehicle and its own effects are controlled and reported; and so the timing of measurement relative to dosing is given. Papers written this way translate rather than stalling at the species boundary.

Everything you send is treated in confidence, including unpublished data, compound information and regulatory material. We are editors rather than pharmacologists or clinicians, and we offer no view on compounds, doses or safety. What we can do is make the exposure behind the effect explicit.